India is way down in the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Index, ranked at number 55 in a list of 104 nations.

If it is any consolation, India moved one place up from last year's rank of 56. (Check table below)

Finland remains the most competitive economy in the world and tops the rankings for the second consecutive year in The Global Competitiveness Report 2004-2005, released on Wednesday by the WEF in Geneva.

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The United States is in second position, followed by Sweden, Taiwan, Denmark and Norway, consecutively.

"The Nordic countries are characterised by excellent macroeconomic management overall -- they are all running budget surpluses -- they have extremely low levels of corruption, with their firms operating in a legal environment in which there is widespread respect for contracts and the rule of law, and their private sectors are on the forefront of technological innovation," said Augusto Lopez-Claros, Chief Economist and Director of the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Programme, explaining why the Nordic nations have been faring superbly on the Global Competitiveness Index.

"These countries prove the point that enhanced competitiveness and boosting the capacity of economies to operate effectively in the global economy is a multifaceted challenge requiring concerted actions on a number of fronts," said Lopez-Claros.

Country	GCI 2004 rank	GCI 2004 score	GCI 2003 rank*
Finland	1	5.95	1
United States	2	5.82	2
Sweden	3	5.72	3
Taiwan	4	5.69	5
Denmark	5	5.66	4
Norway	6	5.56	9
Singapore	7	5.56	6
Switzerland	8	5.49	7
Japan	9	5.48	11
Iceland	10	5.44	8
United Kingdom	11	5.30	15
Netherlands	12	5.30	12
Germany	13	5.28	13
Australia	14	5.25	10
Canada	15	5.23	16
United Arab Emirates	16	5.21	-
Austria	17	5.20	17
New Zealand	18	5.18	14
Israel	19	5.09	20
Estonia	20	5.08	22
Hong Kong SAR	21	5.06	24
Chile	22	5.01	28
Spain	23	5.00	23
Portugal	24	4.96	25
Belgium	25	4.95	27
Luxembourg	26	4.95	21
France	27	4.92	26
Bahrain	28	4.91	-
Korea	29	4.90	18
Ireland	30	4.90	30
Malaysia	31	4.88	29
Malta	32	4.79	19
Slovenia	33	4.75	31
Thailand	34	4.58	32
Jordan	35	4.58	34
Lithuania	36	4.57	40
Greece	37	4.56	35
Cyprus	38	4.56	-
Hungary	39	4.56	33
Czech Republic	40	4.55	39
South Africa	41	4.53	42
Tunisia	42	4.51	38
Slovak Republic	43	4.43	43
Latvia	44	4.43	37
Botswana	45	4.30	36
China	46	4.29	44
Italy	47	4.27	41
Mexico	48	4.17	47
Mauritius	49	4.14	46
Costa Rica	50	4.12	51
Trinidad and Tobago	51	4.12	49
Namibia	52	4.11	52
El Salvador	53	4.10	48
Uruguay	54	4.08	50
India	55	4.07	56
Morocco	56	4.06	61
Brazil	57	4.05	54
Panama	58	4.01	59
Bulgaria	59	3.98	64
Poland	60	3.98	45
Croatia	61	3.94	53
Egypt	62	3.88	58
Romania	63	3.86	75
Colombia	64	3.84	63
Jamaica	65	3.82	67
Turkey	66	3.82	65
Peru	67	3.78	57
Ghana	68	3.78	71
Indonesia	69	3.72	72
Russian Federation	70	3.68	70
Algeria	71	3.67	74
Dominican Republic	72	3.63	62
Sri Lanka	73	3.57	68
Argentina	74	3.54	78
Gambia	75	3.52	55
Philippines	76	3.51	66
Vietnam	77	3.47	60
Kenya	78	3.45	83
Uganda	79	3.41	80
Guatemala	80	3.38	89
Bosnia and Hercegovina	81	3.38	-
Tanzania	82	3.38	69
Zambia	83	3.36	88
Macedonia, FYR	84	3.34	81
Venezuela	85	3.30	82
Ukraine	86	3.27	84
Malawi	87	3.24	76
Mali	88	3.24	99
Serbia and Montenegro	89	3.23	77
Ecuador	90	3.18	86
Pakistan	91	3.17	73
Mozambique	92	3.17	93
Nigeria	93	3.16	87
Georgia	94	3.14	-
Nicaragua	95	3.12	90
Madagascar	96	3.11	96
Honduras	97	3.10	94
Bolivia	98	3.09	85
Zimbabwe	99	3.03	97
Paraguay	100	2.99	95
Ethiopia	101	2.93	92
Bangladesh	102	2.84	98
Angola	103	2.72	100
Chad	104	2.50	101

The report also paints a positive picture of United Kingdom's business environment and the underlying factors necessary for sustained economic growth.

Rising four places this year to eleventh place, just ahead of Germany (13th) and significantly ahead of France (27^th), the report shows that Britain is doing particularly well in promoting a good business environment. Noteworthy are a sharply improved macroeconomic outlook, supported by continued gains in the quality of public sector institutions underpinning the drive for improved competitiveness.

The rankings are drawn from the results of the Executive Opinion Survey, a comprehensive survey conducted by the WEF, which this year polled over 8,700 business leaders in 104 economies worldwide.

The survey questionnaire is designed to capture a broad range of factors affecting an economy's business environment that are key determinants of sustained economic growth.

Particular attention is placed on elements of the macroeconomic environment, the quality of public institutions which underpin the development process, and the level of technological readiness and innovation.

The WEF's Growth Competitiveness Index has been a useful tool in thinking about key macroeconomic and institutional elements, critical to the growth process.

The present rankings continue to provide policy-makers, businesses and organizations of civil society with valuable insights into areas where further progress is called for, in order to improve the environment for private sector economic activity, and generate sustainable growth.

"The Global Competitiveness Report -- now in its 25th year of publication -- has become a primary source of information on the strengths and weaknesses of over 100 economies, accounting for the bulk of global GNP. It is an invaluable reference guide for business leaders and policy-makers, as they endeavour to cooperate to create an environment which is more supportive of private sector economic activity," said Klaus Schwab, Founder and Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum.

Co-Directors of The Global Competitiveness Report are Klaus Schwab, Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum, and Michael E. Porter, Bishop William Lawrence Professor at Harvard Business School, Harvard University.

Highlights

• Finland is number one in the Growth Competitiveness Index (GCI) rankings and holds this position for the third time in the last four years. The country is very well managed at the macroeconomic level, but it also scores very high in those measures that assess the quality of its public institutions.
• Furthermore, the private sector shows a high proclivity for adopting new technologies and nurturing a culture of innovation.
• The United States, as last year, is ranked second: overall technological supremacy is partly offset by a weaker performance in those areas that capture the quality of its public institutions and the stability of the macroeconomic environment.
• The Nordic countries continue to hold prominent positions in the rankings among the top ten most competitive economies this year, with Finland (1), Sweden (3), Denmark (5), Norway (6) and Iceland (10) all in privileged places. The largest improvement among these countries is posted by Norway with a move up from 9th to 6th place this year.
• Elsewhere in Europe the most notable developments are: the sharp improvement in the relative position of the United Kingdom, which has moved up 4 places to 11 in the overall rankings; the stellar performance of Estonia (20), which is by a significant margin the most competitive economy among the 10 countries that joined the European Union in May of this year; and the continued decline of Italy (47, compared to 26 in 2001), which now has the lowest rank among the EU-15 and a lower rank than many of the accession countries.
• Italy's worsening performance affects all areas, with particularly sharp drops in the area of quality of public institutions (e.g., judicial independence, favouritism in public sector decision-making and the business costs of crime).
• Japan (9) has continued to scale positions (21 in 2001) and this year has crossed the top ten threshold. Its improved position reflects a combination of factors, including the strong economic recovery under way which has boosted business confidence, and notable improvements in various indicators which assess the transparency of public sector institutions.
• China (46), broadly unchanged with respect to last year (44), continues to have a mixed performance. A stable macroeconomic environment, reflecting the strength of economic activity and the absence of major macroeconomic imbalances, is offset by weak institutional underpinnings in such areas as the soundness of the banking sector, the extent of administrative controls and red tape, and poor auditing and accounting standards.
• Elsewhere in Asia, Taiwan (4) and Singapore (7) continue to lead the region in a complementary way. Taiwan has an unusually high rank in the area of technology (2) -- second only to the Unites States -- whereas Singapore has the number 1 rank in terms of the quality of its macroeconomic environment, a position it has held for several years in a row in a commanding fashion.
• With very rare exceptions, the economies in Latin America exhibit worsening levels of competitiveness in 2004. The Andean economies are especially noteworthy, with all showing a drop in ranks, in some cases of precipitous proportions (Peru and Bolivia, dropping by 10 and 13 places respectively).
• Where some improvements are visible, such as in Argentina (74), the levels mainly reflect a bounce with respect to the very depressed levels of the previous year, linked to the collapse of the currency and the country's financial system. Policy instability, inefficient bureaucracies and corruption emerge as the most problematic factors for doing business in Latin America.
• While a large number of countries in sub-Saharan Africa hold positions in the lower half of the rankings, South Africa (41) leads the region in the global rankings, showing an overall improvement on last year's performance. More significantly, South Africa's rank is higher than the rank of every country in Latin America, except for Chile (see below).
• At the other end, Zimbabwe (99), already low last year, falls even further. It has the lowest rankings among the 104 countries covered on inflation performance, credit ratings, the soundness of the banking system, the costs of its agricultural policies, brain drain and freedom of the press, among others. A sad case overall of the development process having gone sharply awry.
• Chile (22) has not only sharply improved its position with respect to 2003, but it continues to be the most competitive economy in Latin America, with a staggering 26 places between it and Mexico (48), which is the next highest ranked country in the region. A detailed case study on Chile is included in this year's Global Competitiveness Report.

The World Economic Forum is the foremost global community of business, political, intellectual and other leaders of society committed to improving the state of the world.

Incorporated as a foundation, and based in Geneva, Switzerland, the World Economic Forum is impartial and not-for-profit; it is tied to no political, partisan or national interests. The Forum has NGO consultative status with the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations.